HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language

- It is platform independent
- It is mainly used for presentation purpose
- It is not case sensitive. But Lower case is highly recommended
- It contains Tags. Tags are also k.a., Elements.
- All the tags should be properly nested.
- All the tag names are predefined.
- All the tags should be closed properly
- The tags will contains attribute name & attribute values.
- HTML doesnot preserve white space 
- To comment html code we use below syntax:
<!-- html source code -->

Common tags/Elements used & Its purposes:
(1) <html> - Its a root tag
(2) <head> - Used to write javascript & CSS style
(3) <title> - to provide Page title
(4) <body> - contains visible content of the page
(5) <p> - for paragraph
(6) <pre> - for Paragraph
(7) <hr> - to generate horizontal line
(8) <br> - to generate new line
(9) <b> - to make bold
(10) <input> - to create button, text field, checkbox & radio button
(11) <button> - to create a button
(12) <script> - to write javascript
(13) <style> - for writing css style
(14) <div> - To write text, para & style
(15) <span> - to write text, label etc
(16) <form> - it acts as a container
(17) <a> - for link
(18) <img> - images
(19) <textarea> - for multi edit text field
(20) <iframe><frame> - to insert one page inside another page
(21) <select> - to create a drop down
(22) <option> - to create elements inside the drop down
(23) <table> - to create a webtable
(24) <tr> - table rows
(25) <th> -Table header
(26) <td> - table data/cell
(27) <ol> - Ordered list
(28) <ul> - Unordered list
(29) <li> - List items
(30) <h1> to <h6>: There are 6 different headers in html



There are 2 types of elements:
1. Inline elements: Inline elements display in a same line.
Ex: <a>, <input> etc

2. Block level elements: Block level elements display in a next line.
Ex: <h1> to <h6>, <p>, <pre> etc



Note: As per w3 (World Wide Web) each tags contains many attributes



1. How to create paragraphs & Headers?
2. How to create edit/Text fileds, Buttons?
3. How to create check box OR radio buttons?
4. How to create links?
5. How to create dropdown lists?
6. How to create images?
7. How to create webtables?
8. How to create Frames OR iframes



Q: How to create html files?
Ans:
Open notepad-> save as <FileName>.html->Save as Type--> All Files(*)


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9. How to apply Style attributes?
   CSS (Cascading Style Sheet):
   CSS is used to define the style to the html elements.
   
Syntax: 
style="<attributrName>:<attributeValue>"

Different ways of defining CSS:

(a) Inline Approach: Defining the style within the each tag indicates inline approach.
Drawbacks:
1. No reusability
2. more line of codes


(b) Internal Approach: Defining the styles inside the <head> section of the each html pages by using <style> tag.

Here we use id & class attributes to defferenciate the tags uniquely.
# - id
. - class

Advantages:
1. Reusability within the same page

Drawbacks:
1. No reusability between the pages


(c) External Approach: defining the style attributes in the external files. The file extension should be .css
This external file will be called inside the html page whereever required. Thus increases the reusability within & as well as between the pages.

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9. How to write javascript in the html pages?

